Comparing Body Modification vs Self Mutilation

Comparing Body Modification vs Self Mutilation Self injury and body modification are closely related to or considered the same thing to some people. The intent one has behind doing these things separate whether it is self injury or simply self expression. Self injury, self harm, and self mutilation are described as deliberate harm to oneself. The injury usually causes noticeable damage such as: cutting, burning, hair pulling, and even in the worst case scenario, limb amputation. This is not to be confused with an attempt at suicide (Thompson, 2010). This is usually due to a long history of sexual abuse, physical abuse, broken homes, alcoholic homes, and absent parents. Most people attempt self injury because they lack the proper coping skills (Thompson, 2010). Many people that self-injure try to keep it a secret due to the fact that they are ashamed, feel guilty, or are embarrassed. The fact is that people who self injure are sound and reasonable people that probably were never taught the correct ways to cope with immense emotional pain. People who self harm are in fear that if they tell or ask someone for help that they will be committed or considered psychotic (Thompson, 2010). Sadly enough this is true, people tend to make assumptions about things they dont understand. The first step in identifying self harm vs. body modification is to identify the directness, lethality, and repetition. Directness refers to how intentional the act is when done. If the act is done with complete awareness and consciousness of its dangerous effects, and an aware intent to produce those effects its considered direct (Martinson, 2002). There are different stages of self injury. The most extreme form is major self mutilation. Where this form results in serious disfigurement such as: castration, and limb amputation (Thompson, 2010). Then there is the stereotypic self injury which is when one will head bang against a wall, eyeball gouge, and bite. The last type of self injury is the most common form, superficial self mutilation which involves cutting, hair pulling, burning, bones breaking, and interference with wound healing (Thompson, 2010). One of the main questions people ponder is why would one want to self injure themselves? Self injury helps with intense feelings like anger, sadness, frustration, loneliness, shame, and guilt. People who self injure tend to do so to try and release feelings they cant deal with. Self injurers also feel that maybe if they cut themselves seeing their own blood will make them feel something as opposed to the numbness they are used to (Thompson, 2010). Another reason people self injure and continue to self injure is because endorphins are released when you self injure. Giving you that calm and relaxed feeling, almost like a high from a drug. Endorphins are protein chains that are released by the Hypothalamus area in the brain. They act in the same way as morphine except that endorphins are 18-50 times stronger (Thompson, 2010). Your body uses endorphins for several purposes. Firstly, to boost energy when you need it; secondly to reduce pain from injury; and thirdly, to signal that you are doing something worthwhile or enjoyable and to encourage you to do more of the same. Others feel that dealing with physical pain is easier to deal with and easier to understand then what the real under lying issue is. Self injury is also used to punish oneself. If they were physically, mentally, or sexually abused. They may feel it was their fault which makes them feel the need to punish themselves for doing nothing to stop it (Thompson, 2010). The Act of self injury usually leaves a feeling of calmness and peace, almost like a high from a drug (Thompson, 2010). Since this feeling is temporary it usually leads the person to do it again. Or this may continue until the real underlying problem is solved or they find a better way to cope (Thompson, 2010). It all comes down to lacking the proper coping skills. The definition of self injury is deliberate harm to ones own body. The injury is done to oneself, without another person, and the injury is severe enough for tissue damage, such as scarring to result. Acts that are committed with conscious suicidal intent or are ass ociated with sexual arousal are excluded (Martinson, 2002). 14% of self-injurers were diagnosed with major depression, as opposed to 56% of the suicide-attempters. Alcohol dependence was diagnosed in 16% of the self injury group, but in 26% of the suicide attempters group. Only 2% of the Self Injury group was considered schizophrenic; 9% of the suicidal attempters group was. The self injury group was 12% vs. 7% or to be diagnosed with adjustment disorder with depressed mood 24% vs. 6 %( Martinson, 2002). The reason for some cases of self-mutilation is borderline personality disorder. These people have problems with self-image, mood and instability in their relationships. They may have other issues including depression, anxiety, conduct problems, antisocial behavior and eating disorders particularly bulimia. Almost one-half of adult self-mutilators are reported to be depressed (self mutilation, 2011). Adolescent self-mutilators report an increased use of substances including alcohol. This may be related to impulsivity as a response pattern to stress or other situations. Alcohol abuse or family violence can also play a role in self mutilation and a history of violent and deprived family situations can lead to self mutilation(Self mutilation,2011). One of the main issues separating self-injurious acts from tattoos and piercings is that of pride. Most people who go to get tattooed or pierced are proud, and enjoy their new art expressed on their body. They want to show others their ink, their studs, their plugs. They enjoy telling their story of the pain, the fear, the experience. In contrast, people who self injure usually dont tell anyone about it nor do they want anyone to know. Self-injurers go to great lengths to cover and hide their wounds and scars. Self-injurers do not want to show off their scars. Self mutilation is a distinct behavior, in definition, method and purpose, from tattooing and piercing (Alderman, 2009). The history of tattooing is very extensive. Something which is now pretty acceptable and common in society. Tattoos have been around for more than 5000 years (Tattoogallery, 2007). Tattoos are used today as a form of expression. People get tattoos to commemorate lost family members, show off things they have interest in, and perhaps just a design they enjoy. Tattooing had many very important purposes in the beginning of time for many different reasons, and many different cultures. In Egypt before 2000 B.C, only priestesses were allowed to be tattooed for ritualistic purposes. In Thailand men were the only people allowed to have tattoos. Thai people believed that tattoos place magical protection on the skin. Women were considered strong enough to live without the need of protection (Tattoogallery, 2007). The original purpose of tattoos was to be centered around being involved and in tune with nature. Tattoos were believed to possess magical abilities, blessings and to ward off demons (TattooGallery, 2007). Around the time tattoos were beginning, the bible was being written and certain religious leaders spoke out against the art of tattooing your body, because they believed that your body is your temple and created with no flaws. To them marking your body with symbols is basically telling the gods or god that they made a mistake when creating you (TattooGallery, 2007). As time continued tattoos became more of a symbol of status and less of a magical purpose. With certain tribes like the Celts and Native American tribes, markings were tattooed on the skin to tell stories, events, and their ranking in the tribe hierarchy. On the other hand, In Greece and Rome slaves were tattooed, criminals so that no one would mistake them if they tried to flee (Tattoo Galllery, 2007). As long as there has been man there has been tattooing. Tattooing has been used in almost every culture, and for almost every purpose. One of the main arguments with tattooing is that some cultures and religions are not acceptable to tattooing. In the Jewish religion there are some Jewish customs that prohibit a burial if the person has a tattoo (Self mutilation). Body art has basically evolved with mankind evolving. The intent one has behind getting a tattoo or piercing is the distinguishing factor between self mutilation and just an everyday tattoo. There are many factors that play a role in this, such as: self esteem. People do things for many different reasons. Some get tattoos because they really like an art piece, they enjoy the way it makes them look, or perhaps a way it makes them feel. For some tattooing is a self esteem booster, they feel they are more unique more special than others, it makes them feel pretty. It is not always the case that people walk into a tattoo shop to get a tattoo specifically for the pain. The experience you have while getting a tattoo also plays a role in if you continue to want tattoos. There are many people that get a tattoo and dont get another one due to the experience they had, they are not happy with the results, or they did it on a whim and regret it. It is not always about a pain inducing want. The era that one grows up in also has an effect on liking or disliking tattoos, agreeing with or disagreeing with tattoos. You cannot expect everyone to be on the same page if their whole lives they grew up in a household when tattoos werent common and were extremely frowned upon. These people may not see the purpose, a point to tattoos, or just plain think they are ridiculous. Self injury is harm to ones self, by ones self, not with the intent to kill oneself. In the cases of tattooing and piercing the harm is definitely done to oneself, but not with the intent of killing yourself or with the sole purpose of pain in mind. Receiving a tattoo or piercing is a poor and ineffective way to try getting relief for a self injurer. One of the main reasons people self injure is because they are in control and can do the act themselves, and in turn have the control to hide it. So the idea that either of these behaviors would be done as a suicide attempt or a self injury attempt does not seem to be the case. Most people dont tattoo or pierce themselves; instead they find the assistance of a professional. Occasionally someone may tattoo themselves, particularly in settings such as detention facilities, inpatient programs and other residential environments (8). Self-piercing is more common as it is fairly easy to do. This is what distinguishes the true self-injury from tattoos and piercings is the idea that self-injury is performed by ones own hand, and is usually the main purpose of self injury. In conclusion, self injury and body modification are closely related to or considered the same thing to some people. The intent one has behind doing these things separate whether it is self injury or simply self expression. Some differences between self injury and body modification are, Making a statement vs. making self feel better, uniqueness vs. coping, set apart from mainstream vs. shame, and proud vs. secret, conscious choice vs. unable to control urge. These are some things that can distinguish self injury from tattoos and piercings. Many people that self-injure try to keep it a secret due to the fact that they are ashamed, feel guilty, or are embarrassed. The fact is that people who self injure are sound and reasonable people that probably were never taught the correct ways to cope with immense emotional pain. People who self harm are in fear that if they tell or ask someone for help that they will be committed or considered psychotic (Thompson, 2010). Sadly enough this is true, people tend to make assumptions about things they dont understand. One of the main issues separating self-injurious acts from tattoos and piercings is that of pride. Most people who go to get tattooed or pierced are proud, and enjoy their new art expressed on their body. They want to show others their ink, their studs, their plugs. They enjoy telling their story of the pain, the fear, the experience. In contrast, people who self injure usually dont tell anyone about it nor do they want anyone to know. Self-injurers go to great lengths to cover and hide their wounds and scars. Self-injurers do not want to show off their scars. Self mutilation is a distinct behavior, in definition, method and purpose, from tattooing and piercing (Alderman, 2009). If anything, the history of tattooing gives an indication of the evolution of the mindset of humankind through the ages, depending on their era. Looking back, that the nature of tattoos is now more cosmetic than ritualistic, as the widespread belief in magic has been replaced by the importance of looks and individuality, and the use of the body as a canvas for art(Tattoo Gallery,2007). References Thompson, C. (2010, July 30). Self Injury. Retrieved February 30, 2011, from www.mirror-mirror.org/selfinj.htm Rubin, L. (2009, July 2). popular culture meets psychology. Retrieved February 27, 2011, from www.psychologytoday.com Stirn, A. A. (2008). Tattoos, body piercing and self harm are there link? Retrieved February 27, 2011, from www.bps-research-digest.com Martinson, D. A. (2002, December 18). Tattoos, body piercing and self harm are there link? Retrieved February 29, 2011, from www.palace.net/llama/psych/what.html Self Mutilation. (2011). Retrieved February 29, 2011, from www.massgeneral.org The history of tattoos. (2007). Retrieved February 29, 2011, from www.tattoo-gallery.org/history-of-tattoos.html The history of tattoos. (2007). Retrieved February 29, 2011, from www.hubpages.com Alderman, T. (2009, December 10). The scarred soul. Retrieved February 29, 2011, from www.psycholgoytoday.com/blog/the-scarred-soul/200912/tattoos-andpiercings-selfinjury Making a statement vs. making self feel better Uniqueness vs. coping Set apart from mainstream vs. shame Proudly show Vs. secret Conscious choice vs. unable to control urge

Television and Media - Link between TV Violence and the Violence of Chi

The Link between TV Violence and the Violence of Children      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Children watch a lot of television.   TV has even become a babysitter.   There is more violence portrayed on television than in earlier years.   Crime has increased steadily over the years as well.   Many children have been involved in violent crimes in recent years, and there is a link between violence on television and the increase in crime.    As early as 1960, Leonard Eron and L. Rowell Huesmann, researchers in Columbia County,   New York, discovered a connection between violence on TV and how aggressively children behaved. Children seeing violence on TV, beginning as young as eight years old, exhibited more aggressive behavior.   As they grew older, still watching violence on TV, the aggressive behavior continued. There seemed to be a cumulative effect in the children's behavior.   Being aggressive as a child is a good indicator as to the type of behavior that will be exhibited as an adult.   Several studies followed participants over three decades and revealed that those people, who showed the most aggressive behavior at age eight, had continued to be aggressive and had the most arrests for violent crimes (Mortimer, 1-4).    At the Indiana University Center for Adolescent Studies, researchers asked kids what causes fights. The kids said gossip and bullying.   The survey showed that those kids who exhibited the highest bullying behavior also watched violence on TV, fought, misbehaved at home as well as in the community, and were disciplined forcefully by their parents.   The bullies had fewer adult role models and less contact with adults. Also, not possessing the social skills for coping with co... ...ne. proquest.umi.com. 3 Oct. 2000. Levin, Diane E., and Nancy Carlsson-Paige. "Disempowering the 'Power Rangers'." Education Digest 61.9 (1996): 1-5. Online. ehostvgw1.epnet.com. 3 Oct. 2000. Mortimer, Jeffrey. "How TV Violence Hits Kids." Education Digest 60.2 (1994): 1-4. Online. ehostvgw1.epnet.com. 3 Oct. 2000. Richey, Warren. "Group Enlists Parents to Fight TV Violence." Christian Science Monitor 88.245 (1996): 1-2. Online. ehostvgw1.epnet.com. 3 Oct. 2000. Institute on Media and Family in Minneapolis", which can be accessed on the Internet at www.mediaandthefamily.org "TV Violence and Kids." Education Digest 62.1 (1996): 1-4. Online. ehostvgw1.epnet.com. 3 Oct. 2000. Zuckerman, Mortimer B. "The Victims of TV Violence." U.S. News & World Report 115.5 (1993): 1-2. Online. ehostvgw1.epnet.com. 3 Oct. 2000.               

Poetical inspiration Essay

Betjeman writes about a variety of places for example rural, urban, seaside etcetera. The two poems I have chosen are Slough and Middlesex. In contrast to Slough, Middlesex is more of a gentler poem, which evokes Betjeman’s memories of how rural Middlesex used to be. Betjeman has no memories of Slough but knows he detests it. In Slough Betjeman describe show fake the city is. In Middlesex he tries recollect his memories of the village. Slough seems to keep its rhythm throughout the poem where as in Middlesex the rhythm is fast but then slows down half way through. One can clearly see that Betjeman does not like Slough as he says in the first line, ‘Come, friendly bombs, and fall on Slough It isn’t fit for humans now,’ ‘Friendly bombs’ is definitely a contrast because bombs cannot be friendly. In this case the bombs are friendly because according to Betjeman Slough deserves to be bombed because it is so awful. The verse has a jaunty rhythm. Slough is not worth saving. One can clearly see his hatred for Slough in the first verse. He wants the bombs to blow up Slough so there is nothing left mostly because of all the canteens, which serve tinned foods. In the next verse, Betjeman is saying that we are becoming artificial because we are eating artificial food; there is no more fresh food to be eaten. One can see this view in the next verse: ‘Come, bombs, and blow to smithereens Those air-conditioned, bright canteens Tinned fruit†¦ Tinned minds, tinned breath. ‘ He now has gone from talking about the town and now talks about the food sold in the city, how that’s changed from being natural to tinned which is the new ‘now’ food. One can almost feel Betjeman’s anger because Slough has changed into such a depressing town. He makes the point that it should be bombed because it is so awful. In the fourth and fifth verses Betjeman talks about how much he hates capitalists, how they always cheat and win. One can tell this as he describes the man as repulsive. He then wants them to suffer as they cause so much pain to women as said in the fourth verse: ‘†¦ Washes his repulsive skin In women’s tears,’ He wants the bombs to fall on them and make them experience pain instead of the women one can see this because he says in the fifth verse: ‘†¦ And smash his hands so used to stroke†¦ And make him yell. ‘

Interventions During 1700s - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1857 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2018/12/15 Category History Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Slavery Essay Did you like this example? The interventions that were experienced in the 1700s like cotton gin indeed increased the eagerness for the slaves. All the enthusiasm, therefore, rose from a one-man named Eli Whitney who came up with the story of gin. He happened to introduce a new principle to ginning that required workers to use their teeth to pull staples via a comb that happened to retain the seed (Lechner, 57). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Interventions During 1700s" essay for you Create order The gin introduced was one of the most sophisticated tools that required massive artistry for its efficient performance. The tool one used a wire tooth but later on replacement is done using saws that were circular through the notches of the comb. It is faster when performing its duty, claimed Eli Whitney. Almost seven hundred and fifty pounds of cotton could be cleaned using the power saw that was available. Damages were experienced on the fiber such that the roller gin failed to catch the right way. Eli Whitney also said that Absence of the saw gin could, therefore, result in more expensive situations. Many people were therefore required to run and operate the gin. As a result, cases of slavery increased in return (Lechner, 57). Some hope was expected after the revolution that took place on independence. It was thought that some blacks were going to get equity in comparison to the whites in the United States of America. The hope suddenly died when cotton gin was invented in the 1700s (Ridgely, 11). Availability of gin which had a shorter engine could facilitate cleaning of the raw cotton. In due course, cotton, later on, became a crop that earned a lot of profit to the owners. The southern economy was therefore substantially transformed in the process, and in turn, the dynamics of slavery also changed in return. Many slaves were to operate in those firms since the work had now increased. According to the census carried out in 1970, the number of slaves was reported to amount to almost six hundred and ninety thousand. The same figure happened to increase by almost seventy percent amounting to 1.2 million by the year 1810, the author of the article said. New cotton plantations emerged leading in the territories of the western zones. As a result, the workforce was necessary for this case hence need for more slaves (Ridgely, 11). By the year 1830, more cotton plantations were all over in almost over a half of the continent. Putting into the use of the cotto n gin, there was a significant rise of crops in the US to about 8 million dollars from a lower figure of approximately $150, 000 dollars. Successive increase in plantations made it more difficult for the slaves to obtain freedom from their masters (Wharton Roger, 26). Worse situations, therefore, increases in consideration to the slaves, the author claimed. Increase in crop firms simply implied that many slaves were required to work in those companies. Later on, textile industries developed all over as a result of high cotton production. New England, therefore, experienced many textile industries due to cotton inventions. The 19th century was a remarkable century in the American history. It is because it was this century that later on reported a vast revolution as far as industries are concerned. Increase in the revolution of sectors in the United States of America just implied that many slaves were required to work in those industries. As a result, many blacks were therefore abduc ted to work on the firms (Wharton Roger, 26). About a hundred thousand slaves moved to new lands of cotton that were located in the West as well as in the South between 1790 and 1810. From the year 1810 until when the civil war took place, almost a hundred thousand slaves were forced towards the West in ten years. It amounted to almost a half a million the author put across. Spreading of the entire cultivation on cotton in the US, made those who owned slaves more so in the firms of tobacco and failed to realize considerable profits to sell those slaves to cotton firm owners (Lechner, 57).The trade of slavery only constituted the black families only. It as well indicated discrimination among the blacks. The number of those Americans who were born as slaves on the plantations were denied the opportunity of freely interacting with the rest of the family members and however transported to other farms which were located miles away. Many children were, therefore, rejected their parent al care since they could associate with them anymore. It was indeed disgusting, and it shows how inventions in the 1700s brought more challenges to the blacks increasing slavery (Ridgely, 11). According to Boodry (2), danger increased upon the blacks since many of them were demanded to work on those firms. The northern free blacks faced many threats at that moment. Many cases of kidnapping increased all over upon the blacks. The Fugitive Slave Act that was passed in 1793 authorized the whites to abduct and claim the blacks unless there was a different testifying situation from the colleagues who were the white alone. All the blacks had no right of testifying upon the whites before a court of law; it was a law that was put in place in the Southern. A one Absalom Jones went ahead to petition to the Congress against the oppression of the blacks. At the moment, many children were highly kidnapped (Boodry, 2). Some ended up getting endangered in the process as struggles could erupt be tween them and the kidnappers. Some of the employers of those children could, in turn, give them a deaf ear and assume that they disappeared to join their families who were far away from them. Many changes took place among children since nobody could quickly recognize them as they grew and went through many changes. Those kidnapped could then join other slavery imported to lower South. The conditions were however unhealthy and challenging (Boodry, 2). There was a high demand that the United States of America abolish slave trade that took place internationally. Many organizations rose to defend these claims (Kindell Elizabeth, 17). They fought in an attempt to protect human rights that were being violated by cotton firm owners. Some of the organizations that came up to defend protection of human rights included organizations like Quakers in New York and The Pennsylvania Abolition Society. They went ahead to present to the Congress the anti-slave memorials of trade. The fight agai nst slave trade never ended (Boodry, 2). Other black people located in the Philadelphia also went ahead to petition to the Congress advocating for the end of the slave trade. In 1803, a significant number of slaves was reported to be imported to the South of Carolina as well as Georgia from Africa. The number of slaves amounted to almost twenty thousand salves. After a series of petitions filed, the Congress later came to ban slavery in the US. The banning of slavery took place in the year 1808 in January. It was the added in the constitution of America (Acs, 3). The African church from Philadelphia led by Absalom Jones happened to lead a sermon that commemorated a thanksgiving day concerning the decision that was made by the Congress. It was quite a joyous event to them. However, despite the ban, some of the international slave trade continued to with the illegal business (May et al., 12). As cases of slavery continued after its burn in the Congress, some members of the Congress became unhappy about the same. A bitter debate, therefore, emerged in the Congress concerning the same. Entry of a new state into the union was anticipated to tip the balance between voting blocs that were free as well as the proslavery. In the year 1820, there was a compromise of situation where Missouri happened to resolve the crisis against the admission of the Missouri into a slave state. A boundary was therefore established for the lands of the slaves towards the West and then across the territories of Louisiana. Compromising was anticipated to prove an increase in cases of fragility (May et al., 12). The religion played a significant role. Many slaves relied on it for endurance despite all the brutal life situations they encountered in the plantations. Some owners of slaves, however, went ahead to misuse the entire aspect of religion as they went up to use so that slaves could, in turn, obey them (Acs, 3). Slaves went ahead to express their beliefs upon them in respect of th e religion. Some of the slaves ended up resisting their owners. They managed to run away from them. Some ended up breaking the tools that they were to use, however. Others fought back and even killed their owners (Acs, 3). The Turner, on the other hand, led to a rebellion among slaves. The rebellion that took place in Virginia led to the killing of many whites almost fifty-five in number. The trail was therefore made followed by hanging. The whites feared, but they became vengeful. Some international bodies were concerned that what Monroe was going to deal with. Monroe was therefore worried that Portugal and Spain were going to retain the colonies that fought for the independence (Acs, 3). The entire situation of the invention of the cotton gin in the United States of America brought more eagerness in the acquisition of many slaves that could take part in the business. As a result, many people rose and also other events that could be used to prove that the intervention of the sam e was quite risky to the black Americans (Kindell Elizabeth, 17). Some cases like isolationism rose that came up with a policy that was used to avoid an alliance between political and also an economic alliance with other foreign nations. It was, therefore, necessary so that slaves could not get freedom. Another situation that was also experienced was an eruption of free enterprise or capitalism. It was applied so that people could freely participate in the business which was illegal in that matter without any interference from the government (Kindell Elizabeth, 17). In this case, the company was unlawful smuggling of slaves and also kidnapping them despite the Congress burning the same. This invention by Whitney concerning cotton gin brought about many disadvantages towards the black people. They were treated as slaves and also imported others from other countries to work on the cotton plantations and industries that were now making huge profits hence increasing slavery (Kindell Elizabeth, 17). Works Cited Acs, Zoltan J. Why philanthropy matters: How the wealthy give, and what it means for our economic well-being. Princeton University Press, 2013. Boodry, Ksathryn Susan. The common thread: Slavery, cotton and atlantic finance from the louisiana purchase to reconstruction. Harvard University, 2014. Kindell, Alexandra, and Elizabeth S. Demers, eds. Encyclopedia of Populism in America: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]. ABC-CLIO, 2014. Lechner, Frank J. People of Plenty: The American Economic Exception. The American Exception, Volume 2. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. 1-60. May, Robert E. Slavery, Race, and Conquest in the Tropics: Lincoln, Douglas, and the Future of Latin America. Cambridge University Press, 2013. Ridgely, Joseph Vincent. Nineteenth-century Southern literature. University Press of Kentucky, 2015. Wharton, Mary E., and Roger W. Barbour. Bluegrass land and life: land character, plants, and animals of the Inner Bluegrass Region of Kentucky: past, present, and futur e. University Press of Kentucky, 2015.